High-potential insulator.



L. STEINBERGER.

HIGH POTENTIAL INSULATOR.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 10, 1912.

1,122,326. Patented Dec. 29, 1914 W \h /3? g f r 3 5/ 0 t 23 f ?6 \i -Q?h \1 9 a9 /6 \A? A5 P7 WITNESSES I INVENTOH m V [I I f 1 anion LOUISsrnrnnnnenn, on. NEW YORK, NY.

HIGH-POTENTIAL INSULATOE.

Application filed August 10, 1912. Serial n6. 714,273.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, Louis STErNBnRGEn, residing at Brooklyn, in thecounty of Kings, city and State of New York, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in High- Potential Insulators, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to a high potential insulator of the pin type,designed to possess very high dielectric qualities combined with a'minimum of material and weight, and having a maximum of mechanicalstrength.

Among the more important objects of the invention may be enumerated thefollowing: I. To improve the construction of high voltage insulators andtheir means of attachment. H. To provide an insulator of the above typewhich will be less likely to fracture or puncture should abnormalpotentials, such as might be caused by lightning, strike the line. HI.To provide a line supporting insulator with detachable means adapted tobe interchanged with parts of varying sizes and designs, for alteringthe surface distance between the ends of the insulator, and toefiectively guard against the passage, of currents through the jointsbetween the main body of the insulator and said detachable means. IV. Toprovide an insulator comprising independently formed parts of insulatingmaterial, and to construct and adapt the joints between said parts so asto more elfectively prevent passage of current through said joints. V;To design the joints between the parts so that the efiectiveness of thejoint for resisting the assage of current does not depend upon a preciseprescribed adjusted relation between the parts, and to provide means foradjusting said parts relatively to each other. VI. To provide attachingmeans upon the, lower portion of the body of the insulator adapted forattaching the insulator to a suitable support, and to form the attachingmeans so that the secondary hood may be readily moved downwardly fromthe insulator body and upon said attaching means when desired. VII. Toprovide an improyedreinforcing means for the body por tion of theinsulator. VIII. To provide a pin. type insulator, having a cylindricalbody portion of insulating material, with a reinforcing member containedtherein adapted to serve as auxiliary attaching means for the insulator.IX. To provide a Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec, 29, 1914.

pm type insulator, having a cylindrical body portion of insulatingmaterial, formed with a protecting hood adjacent its upper end, wlth aseparately formed member adustable along said cylindrical body intosupporting relation with said hood, and to provide an improvedreinforcing. means for said cylindrical body in the vicinity of greateststrain from the supporting member. X. To provide an insulator comprisingindependently formed parts of insulating material, and to so constructand relate the several parts as to facilitate the ready and convenientassembling and disassembling thereof.

Other objects and aims of the invention, more or less broad than thosestated above, together with the advantages inherent, will be In partobvious and in part specifically referred to in the course of thefollowing description; and the scope of protection contemplated willappear in the claims.

in the accompanying drawing I have illustrated a side elevational view,partly in section, of one embodiment of an insulator constructed inaccordance with the provisions of this invention.

Since insulators of this class, adapted for sustaining very highvoltages, are, of necessity, massive, often reaching 20 or moredifliculty, however, in providing an insula.

tor composed of independent parts lies in the fact that the jointsbetween the parts usually provide localities for collecting dust ormoisture, and this dust or moisture, forming .a conductive path betweenthe parts, destroys the effectiveness of the additional parts, so thatwhile the insulator may appear, and may be constructed for the purposeof being, capable of resisting very high voltages, because of the addedparts thereto, yet these added parts lend little or no effectiveness inresisting the passage of currents, and the probable destruction of thewhole insulator follows the applicationof heavy voltages, as frcm acharge of lightning or otherwise, to the supported line.

The oil pocket or pockets illustrated in 5, connection. with thisapplication are designed to positively overcome the presence ofconductive paths intermediate the two or more parts of a built-upinsulator struc-v ture, as described, and the method and arrangement ofparts, as disclosed in the embodiment illustrated herewith, are such as.to readily enable the application of, an -ad ditional part=to the baseinsulator structure, for increasing the surface distance between 1-5insulator shown. The addedpart, there'being one only illustrated, isreadily adjusted for exposing the opposing surfaces of the base andadded part, so that the insulating 2o liquid employed may be easilyplaced in Y position, and the joint illustrated remains effective forresisting the passage of currents even should the added part be notadjusted into its precise prescribed position.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral 1 indicates a. substantiallycylindrical body portion of a pin type insulator, said body portionbeing somewhat longer than wide, and being formed at its upper end witha transverse groove 2 in which the conductor 3. is adapted to rest, asclearly illustrated. An annular groove 4 .is preferably formed in thematerial of the bodyportion 1 adjacent its upper endadapted to retain awire 5 such as may be employed for binding about the conductor forpos'itively retaining the conductor in the groove 2, all as will bereadily understood in the art. The lower end of the body portion 1.extends into a metallic sleeve 6 which projects below the body of theinsulator and is threaded internally as at 7, and adapted thereby tohave detachable engagement with a suitably threaded enlarged extension,or stud, 8 of a bolt 9 wh ch is extended through the crossa-rm or'othersupport 10, for the insulator. One or more nuts 11 are threaded upon thelower end of the bolt 9 for drawing the extension 8 thereof against theupper surface of the cross-arm -10.

The lower end ofthe body portion 1 of the insulator may be fixed withinthe sleeve 6 in any suitable manner, but is preferably formed withexternal, coarse, threads 12 mating with threads 13 formed interiorly ofthe encircling portion of the sleeve 6,

whereby it mav be detached from said sleeve, if desired. An aperture 14is preferably vformed in the upper surface of theextcnsion 8 of the bolt9, and a stiff, preferably' metallic, reinforcing rod or dowel 15/extends into said aperture. and projects above the upper surface of theextension 8 to .a point somewhat above the plane of the upper end of thesleeve 6, being receivedm its upper and lower ends as in the pin; typean aperture 16 formed in the material of the insulator body portion 1,the rod thus serving to effectually reinforce the body 1 againstfracture at the point where the body 1 enters the sleeve 6. Though thisrod is described as being separately formed, it may obviously be made asan integral extension from the bolt 9, or it maybe molded fast in thebody of the insulator and depend thereform into the aperture in thebolt, its function being the same in either instance.

Adjacent the upper end of the body portion 1 is preferably provided anannularly projecting main or protective hood 17, preferably having itsuppersurface flaring outwardly and downwardly from just beneath theannular groove 4. The under-surface of this hood is formed, in thepresent instance, with a. plurality of annular grooves 18 disposedconcentrically thereof about the body portion 1. Intermediate thegrooves 18'the material of the hood depends to form a pair of-annularridges 19.

Above the upper end of the sleeve 6, the body portion 1 of the insulatoris of substantially the same diameter as the exterior of the sleeve, andsaid body portion and sleeve are threaded so that, when the sleeve isproperly adjusted, the threads of the body portion, as 20, will continueuninterruptedly from the threads of the sleeve, as 21, and upwardly,along the body portion, to a point near the under-surface of theprotecting hood 17. 7

The secondary hood or added part il-lustrated comprises a suitablering-shaped body portion -or collar 22 threaded interiorl'y to engagethe threads 20, 21 of the sleeve and body portion of the insulatorproper. The upper surface of the secondary hood is formed preferablywith a plurality of pockets 23, one for each of the pendent ridges 19 onthe protecting hood 17'. The cross-sectional contour of the pockets 23.is considerably larger than the crosssectional contour of the ridges 19,so as to leave an appreciable spacebetween the sides of said ridges andthe adjacent portions of the pockets in order that the insulating fluid24 carried within the" pockets may have ample bodvbetwen the opposingfaces of said pockets and ridges.

Intermediate and upon opposite s des of the pockets 23 the material ofthe secpndary hood is formed into upwardly extendmg annular ridges 25arranged to fit snugly w1thin the annular grooves 18, and these rldgesare preferably provided with apertures 33,

closed by plugs 34, also of insulating material), whereby to' formrelief vents from the pockets, the plugs being easily blown secondaryhoodillustrated, an annular flange 26 is formed upon the body portion 22thereof and flares outwardly and downwardly and serves also forprotecting the under-surface of the hood, which undersurface ispreferably formed with a plurali ty of skirts 27, 28 and 29, arrangedconcentrically about the body portion 1 of the insulator proper in theassembled structure, the hood 29 being next adjacent the outer peripheryof the flange 27 and being of greatest depth, and the skirts 28 and 27being intermediate the skirt 29 and the body 1 of the insulator andbeing preferably of successively reduced proportions. Upon theunder-surface of the outer annular portion of the protecting hood 17, isarranged a plurality of pendent skirts 30, 31 and 32, of successivelyreducing proportions, similar to the skirts 2?, 28 and 29, and both ofsaid sets of skirts being adapted to prevent passage of moisture alongthe under-surface of the respective hoods toward the center of theinsulator.

From the structure thus set forth, it is apparent that an insulator isprovided, of the pin type, having'a relatively long, solid insulatingbody portion, supported at its lower end and adapted to support aconductor at its upper end, and being of such proportions as tointerpose a considerable body of insulating material intermediate theconductor and the nearest parts of the metallic members comprising theattaching means for the insulator, amply sufiicient to preventpuncturing through the body of the insulator. to said metallic attaching.members.

The secondary hood not only serves as a means for increasing the surfacedistance between the ends of the insulator, but serves also as a braceIor the relatively large protecting hood 1? down to substantially'theupper end of the sleeve 6. and, since the rod 15 reinforces the body 1at this point, it is apparent that an exceptionally rigid structureisprovided.

In the use of the insulator described, the secondary hood may be firstplaced upon the body portion of the insulator and adjusted therealonguntil the ridges 25 seat within the grooves 18, whereupon the lowerportion of the body of the insulator may be inserted within thesleeve 6previously attached to the bolt 9, or the secondary hood may be threadedover the sleeve 6 and the insulator; proper subsequently inserted withinthe sleeve, ineveryinstance the threads 20, 21

of the sleeve and insulator .body 1 beingcontinuous so that thesecondary hood may be'readily adjusted from one to the other and thusfacilitate inspection, refilling, cleaning, eto.,-of thepockets 23 andcooperating parts.

As manychanges could be made in this portion forming a constructionwithout departing from the scope of the following claims, it is intendedthat all matter contained in the above description or shown in theaccompanying drawing shall be interpreted as illustrative only and notin a limiting sense.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is:

1. An insulator having attaching means, said attaching means comprisinga metallic sleeve attached to the insulator body, and a reinforcingmember extending through said sleeve and beyond the same into theinsulator body.

2. An insulator having attaching means said attaching means comprising ametallic sleeve encircling a pendent portion of said insulator, and areinforcing member extending through and beyond said sleeve into saidinsulator.

3. An insulator having a reduced annular shoulder, attaching means forthe insulator comprising a sleeve encircling said reduced annularportion,

and a reinforcing member extending through said insulator adapted toreinforce the same adjacent said shoulder.

at. An insulator having a reduced annular portion forming a shoulder,attaching means for the insulator comprising a sleeve encircling saidreduced annular portion, and reinforcing member within said sleeve,extending through the encircled portion of the insulator and into a partthereof beyond said sleeve so as to reinforce the insulator againstfracture at the point of said shoulder. v

5. An insulator comprising a solid cylindrical body portion ofinsulating material, an attaching member therefor, and a protective partfor the insulator movable 1on gitudinally along the length of saidcylindrical body and adapted to travel therefrom onto said attachingmember.

6. A pin type insulator comprising a solid cylindrical body portion ofinsulating material, an attaching member therefor, and a protective partfor the insulator adapted to be rotated about said cylindrical body andabout said attaching member for eflecting longitudinal adjustmentrelatively to said bod a 7. an insulator comprising acylindrical bodvportion having threads upon its outer surface, a separately formedsleeve carried by said body portion having its outer surface threadedand means whereby said sleeve is adjustable to dispose its threads ascontinuation of thethreads on said bodv portion, and a collar adjustablealong saidcontinuing threads.

8. A pin-type insulator comprising a protective part, and .an integrallyformed columnar body portion of insulating material said integrallyformedcolumnar body portion having threads upon its outer surface, aseparately formed annular reinforcing member for the insulatoradjustable along said threads, and a liquid seal between said insulatorprotective part and said reinforc-- ing member.

9. In an insulator, the combination of a body portion, independentlyformed attaching. means therefor, and a separately formed member carriedby said body portion for increasing the surface distance between partsthereof, said separately formed member being adapted to be moved intosupported position upon said attaching means at will for the purposesset forth.

10. In an insulator, the combination with independently formed attachingmeans therefor, comprising a threaded sleeve with which said insulatordetachably engages, a, separately formed member carried by saidinsulator for increasing the surface distance between parts thereof,said member being adapted to be rotated about said insulator and sleevefor effecting an adjustment thereof into supported relation with saidsleeve when it is desired to detach said insulator from said sleeve.

11. An insulator comprising an elongated body portion of insulatingmaterial supported at one end, and having a reinforcing member extendingfor a distance inwardly along its length from the supported end, saidinsulator being formed with a protective part intermediate its ends, abrace member extending from the vicinity of the inner end of saidreinforcing member and engaging said protective part, and a secondreinforcing member extending longitudinally through said elongatedbodyportion in the vicinityof the inner end of said first reinforcingmember.

12. An insulator comprising a cylindrical body portion of insulatingmaterial supported at one end, and having a reinforcing sleeve extendingfor a distance upwardly along its length from the supported end,encircling said body portion, an enlarged annular protective hood formedupon said body portion above the end of said sleeve, and an annularbrace member encircling said body portion and extending from thevicinity of the upper end of said sleeve into engagement with said hoodat a point spaced from said body portion.

13. 'An insulator comprising a cylindrical body portion of insulatingmaterial supported at one end and having a reinforcing sleeve extendingfor a distance. upwardlyalong its length'from the supported end,encircling said body portion, an enlar ed annular protective hoodformedupon said body portion above the end of said sleeve, an annular bracemember encircling saidbody portionand extending from the vicinity of theupper end of said sleeve into engagement with said hood at a pointspaced from said body portion, and a reinforcing rod embedded in thematerial of said body portion extending axially through said sleeve andfor a distance thereabove for reinforcing said body against fracture inthe vicinity of the upper end of said sleeve.

14. An insulator comprising a cylindrical body portion of insulatingmaterial supported at one end and having a reinforcing sleeve extendingfor a distance upwardly along its length from the supported endencircling said body portion, and liaving a por tion dependingtherebelow, an'enlarged annular protective hood formed upon said bodyportion above the end of said sleeve, an annular brace member encirclingsaid body portion and extending from the vicinity of the upper end ofsaid sleeve into engagement with said hood at a point spaced from saidbody portion, a reinforcing rod embedded in the material of said bodyportion extending axially through said sleeve and for a distancethereabove for reinforcing said body against fracture in the vicinity ofthe up: per end of said sleeve, and said rod also having a portiondepending below said body and coiiperatin with the pendent portion ofsaid sleeve to form anattaching means for the insulator. l

15. In a pin type insulator, the combinameans for the pin type insulatorcomprising a metallic rod extending into mating depressions formed insaid pin type insulator and in said support, and a reinforcing sleeveencircling a part of said pin type insulator tion with a suitablesupport, of attaching having opposed substantially flat surfacescontacting, of means for attaching said pin type insulator to thesupport comprising it separately formed member extending ll'ltO matingdepressions in said pin type insulator and in said support, andauxiliary means extending between said insulator and 'support serving tomaintain the opposed surfaces of said parts in ing relation.

lZ. The combination with a pin'type insulator and a support therefor,said pin type insulator comprising an elongated columnar body ortion,the lower end of which is formed adapted to engage a substantially fiatsurface portion of the support, of means for attaching'said pin typeinsulator to the support comprising a separately formed metallic memberextendin into mating depressions in the elongate body portion of saidpin type insulator and in said support, said separately formed metallicmember being extended for a considerable distance through substantiallycontactwith a substantially flat surface the length of the elongatedbody portion of the pin type insulator so as to serve as a reinforcingmeans for said elongated body portion, and a sleeve encircling and beingconnected to portions of said support and elongated body, to serve as anauxiliary a ttaching means between the support andthe elongated body.

18. An insulator comprising a cylindrical body portion, an attachingmember therefor, and a protective part for the insulator, saidcylindrical body and said attaching member being formed with continuingthreads, and said protective part being adjustable along said threads.

19. An insulator comprising a cylindrical body portion, an attachingmember therefor,

comprising a metallic sleeve on said body adapted for engaging asuitable support, and a protective part for the insulator movablelongitudinally along the length of said cylindrical body and adapted totravel there- .from to said attaching member.

20. The combination of a pin-type insulator, and a support therefor,said pin-type insulator' having a cylindrical columnar body,'aseparately formed sleeve for attaching the body to the supportencircling a por tion of said cylindrical body and projecting from oneend of said bodyinto detachable engagement with the support and areining into depressions formed to receive them insaid body and in saidsupport.

21. As an article of manufacture, a pintype insulator comprising acylindrical columnar body, and a head molded integrally at the upper endthereof, said body having forcing rod having its opposite ends extend--threads formed upon its exterior annular surface, and there being aseparately formed protective collar mounted upon said body, "havingthreads engaging the threads on the body so as to be rotatablyadjustable longitudinally of the body into and out of engagement withthe head, said collar having an annular'pocket in its upper'surface tocontain an insulating'fluid, said head having an annular rib dependinginto said pocket, the upper surface of said collar at opposite sides ofsaid pocket being adapted to engage the under surface of said head whenthe said columnar body portion so as to be movable toward and from saidhead, said protective member having means providing a closed liquid sealinterposed between said protective member and said head.

Intestimony whereof, I affix my signature in the presence of twowitnesses.

LOUIS srninnnnenn.

l Vitnesses:

LEO EIsENBERG,

L/GROSFORD HANDY.

